Within IEEE 802.3, the portion of the physical layer between the medium mependent interface (MDI) and the media independent interface (MII), gigabit media independent interface (GMII), or 10 gigabit media independent interface (XGMII) consisting of the physical coding sublayer (PCS), the physical medium attachment (PMA), and if present, the WAN interface sublayer (WIS) and physical medium dependent (PMD) sublayers. The PHY contains the functions that transmit, receive, and manage the encoded signals that are impressed on and recovered from the physical medium (for example, see IEEE 802.3, Clauses 23-26, Clause 32, Clause 36, Clause 40, Clauses 48-54, Clauses 58-63, Clause 65, and Clause 66)